Copyright 1999 - 2023 GradeSaver LLC. This inner conflict leads him to become embroiled in a war with Caesar, one of his fellow triumvirs. In Cleopatra's world the Roman concept of honor as fulfillment of responsibility is incomplete and unsatisfying. It is twice Cleopatra abandons Antony during battle and whether out of fear or political motives, she deceived Antony. At one moment, he is the vengeful war hero whom Caesar praises and fears. Personal agency seems limited, and the suicides of the lovers near the end seem to be a final act of self-assertion, the only possible act left to them, in the face of historical necessity. Rome is a very masculine world. [42] While some characters fall completely into the category of Roman or Egyptian (Octavius as Roman, Cleopatra Egyptian) others, such as Antony, cannot chose between the two conflicting locales and cultures. He can retain Sicily and Sardinia, but he must help them "rid the sea of pirates" and send them tributes. At first, this course of action may appear to be a triumph of reason over passion orof Western sensibilities over Eastern ones, but the play is not that simple. Ultimately by ending her own life, Cleopatra is choosing her desire to be with Antony, and to not be a war trophy over her duty to her country. It is in this way that "before the boy [playing Cleopatra] can evoke Cleopatra's greatness, he must remind us that he cannot truly represent it". The play presents a chapter of Roman history in which the articulations for the construction of a world empire were being made. In this quiz, you must choose the correct fill-ins when given a prompt stating a fact about the rulers of the Roman Empire. 28 January 2013, Cunningham, Dolora. Soon afterwards however, Antony wrongs Caesar by returning back to Egypt. The office and devotion of their view It beggared all description. Get your custom essay. At this point, Shakespeare makes it clear that Enobarbus has realized his sense of duty, and ultimately chooses this sense over his desire to flee. [36] In such a reading, male and female, Rome and Egypt, reason and emotion, and austerity and leisure are treated as mutually exclusive binaries that all interrelate with one another. He is incapable of "occupying the politically empowering place" of the female sacrificial victim. O this false soul of Egypt! He conquered. Antony and Cleopatra battle over this dynamic as heads of state, yet the theme of power also resonates in their romantic relationship. The Romans, upstarts from the West, lacked finesse and polish. Shakespeare is dealing with history, so he can make events seem fated, but the Soothsayer and his dire predictions are taken from Plutarch. Ambivalence in this play is the contrasting response of one's own character. The presentation of duty and desire in Antony and Cleopatra ultimately provides the basis for the major conflict of this play. Subscribe now. Freeman states, "We understand Antony as a grand failure because the container of his Romanness "dislimns": it can no longer outline and define him even to himself. "Shakespeare's Antony and Cleopatra has long been a controversial play." (Wolf, 328) This essay intends to outline and focus on the threats of identity and it's impact on the dual suicides in William Shakespeare's Antony and Cleopatra. [55] Even though loyalty is central to secure alliances, Shakespeare is making a point with the theme of betrayal by exposing how people in power cannot be trusted, no matter how honest their word may seem. O'erflows the measure With divers-colour'd fans, whose wind did seem [3]:p.45 She is frequently vain and histrionic enough to provoke an audience almost to scorn; at the same time, Shakespeare invests her and Antony with tragic grandeur. [44] The case could also be made that at least in a literary sense, the relationship between Antony and Cleopatra was some people's first exposure to an inter-racial relationship, and in a major way. Mark Antony commands the eastern Mediterranean and lives in Egypt. Philos criticism of Mark Antony establishes a precedent that is seen throughout the entirety of the play and through this, the audience is made aware that the clash between duty and desire is most prevalent in the character of Mark Antony. Use up and down arrows to review and enter to select. PDFs of modern translations of every Shakespeare play and poem. Even this repays me"[50](3.12.6970). And so rebel judgment. The buckles on his breast, reneges all temper Antony tells Cleopatra that his love has no bounds, and often it certainly does seem excessive. The constant comments of the Romans about Cleopatra often undermine her, representing the Roman thought on the foreign and particularly of Egyptians. Cleopatra's triumph over her lover is attested to by Caesar himself, who gibes that Antony "is not more manlike/ Than Cleopatra; nor the queen of Ptolemy/ More womanly than he" (1.4.57). Between the characters of Octavia and Cleopatra there exists a "moral contrast" (Bree 110) -a conflict of Roman ideals and Cleopatra's foreignness. Although, factually, she was of European ethnic origin, her racial identity on stage becomes intertwined with the cultural and social identity she is portraying in a way that makes determining her precise racial identity difficult. [53] Although he vows to remain loyal in his marriage, his impulses and unfaithfulness with his Roman roots is what ultimately leads to war. Eros is one of Antony's trusted lieutenants. So captivated is Antony by Cleopatra that he forgets all elseRome, duty, his wife Fulvia. His duty is to destiny itself. His men worry that he is under the control of Cleopatra and his soldier Canidius tells a fellow soldier that because of this they are womens men. In Act 2, Scene 5, Cleopatra mentions a time that she got, Instant downloads of all 1699 LitChart PDFs Towards the end of the play, when Egypt is invaded, Rome's presence means that Egypt is infected by the destructive and creative powers of change. The hand could pluck her back that shov'd her on. Makes only wars on thee. | Antony and Cleopatra deals ambiguously with the politics of imperialism and colonization. [29] However, particularly in earlier criticism, the narrative trajectory of Rome's triumph and Cleopatra's perceived weakness as a ruler have allowed readings that privilege Shakespeare's representation of a Roman worldview. Like a right gipsy, hath, at fast and loose, His play is articulated in forty separate "scenes", more than he used for any other play. The suicide of Enobarbus is a direct consequence of Antonys lack of self-control, and serves to augur the suicide of Antony himself. Answer (1 of 2): If this is a HS/College Essay Question, I suggest getting a copy of the Cliffs Notes, or Monarch Notes, for the details. And what they undid did. Shakespeare's 'Antony and Cleopatra' portrays a tragic play, with a conflict of love and power. Much less is expected of Cleopatra than of Antony. But she has her own idea of honor, one centered on the glamour and individuality of her own persona. When he fails at Actium to live up to his duty to his men, part of him dies. His cold demeanour is representative of what the sixteenth century thought to be a side-effect of political genius[39] Conversely, Antony's focus is on valour and chivalry, and Antony views the political power of victory as a by-product of both. They completely demystify Shakespeare. Doris Adler suggests that, in a postmodern philosophical sense, we cannot begin to grasp the character of Cleopatra because, "In a sense it is a distortion to consider Cleopatra at any moment apart from the entire cultural milieu that creates and consumes Antony and Cleopatra on stage. The Roman ideal of power lies in a political nature taking a base in economical control. Antony eventually realises that he, like other characters, is merely "Fortune's knave", a mere card in the game of Chance rather than a player. [38] Thus this reflects the difference between the Egyptians who are interconnected with the elemental earth and the Romans in their dominating the hard-surfaced, impervious world. [75] Antony and Cleopatra can be read as a rewrite of Virgil's epic, with the sexual roles reversed and sometimes inverted. [39], Critics have often used the opposition between Rome and Egypt in Antony and Cleopatra to set forth defining characteristics of the various characters. $24.99 You'll also get updates on new titles we publish and the ability to save highlights and notes. Thus did I desire it: The court of Cleopatra is woman-centered. Cleopatra is used as a symbol of power and there seems to be a change in gender roles in the search for power in military conflict. It would have prepared the ground for Cleopatra's subsequent insistence on appearing "for a man" (III.vii.18) to bear a charge in the war; in doing so, it would also have prepared the audience for Antony's demeaning acquiescence in her usurpation of the male role.[69]. Cleopatra decides that the only way to win back Antony's love is to send him word that she killed herself, dying with his name on her lips. Critics such as Rackin interpret Shakespeare's metatheatrical references to the crossdressing on stage with less concern for societal elements and more of a focus on the dramatic ramifications. to follow Cleopatra, betraying his own image of himself as a nobleRoman. He sends the messenger to be whipped. The seawater is the plot, and the windstorm is the conflicts. Aebischer eventually concludes that "we must accept that Shakespeare's Cleopatra is neither black nor white, but that should not stop us from appreciating the political significance of casting choices, nor should it fool us into thinking that, for a character like Cleopatra, any casting choice will ever be 'colourblind.'" Ashamed of what he has done for the love of Cleopatra, Antony reproaches her for making him a coward, but also sets this true and deep love above all else, saying "Give me a kiss; even this repays me.". Rising action Caesar lures Antony out of Egypt and back to Rome, Bleeding, he finds out that Cleopatra didn't really kill herself. However, Shakespeare also adds scenes, including many portraying Cleopatra's domestic life, and the role of Enobarbus is greatly developed. As Antony prepares to meet Caesar in battle, he determines that he will live / Or bathe [his] dying honour in the blood / Shall make it live again (IV.ii.57). Shakespeare is dealing with history, so he can make events seem fated, but the Soothsayer and his dire predictions are taken from Plutarch. Themes The struggle between reason and emotion; the clash A major theme running through the play is opposition. A man behaving unlike a soldierin Antony's case, an emperoris a failure as a man. Consider representations of and the interplay of types of power. -Graham S. Would not have made it through AP Literature without the printable PDFs. [54] However, she quickly reconciles with Antony, reaffirming her loyalty towards him and never truly submitting to Caesar. His captain's heart, Complete your free account to access notes and highlights. In Antony and Cleopatra, Shakespeare illustrates both extremes of the spectrum of desire and duty through Pompey and Cleopatra; however, he continues the presentation of desire and duty through Antony whom struggles with the confliction of both motivations. The use of the soothsayer underscores the theme of destiny, which in a play based on historical events can be viewed in different ways. Enobarbus is subordinate to Antony, but both are Romans, and Enobarbus is allowed to speak his mind. Antony and Cleopatra is often considered one of Shakespeare's more chaotic plays. From the perspective of the reason-driven Romans, Shakespeare's "Egyptian queen repeatedly violates the rules of decorum". The comparison of Antony and Cleopatra and Henry IV has lain on the surface of criticism for many years. 6. ENGL - 210 - Shakespeare - Antony and Cleopatra - 6. Although Antony dies believing himself a man of honor, discipline, and reason, our understanding of him is not nearly as straight-forward. As a play concerning the relationship between two empires, the presence of a power dynamic is apparent and becomes a recurring theme. The main theme of Dryden's play All for Love is honor versus love. [38] Critic Lisa Starks says that "Cleopatra [comes] to signify the double-image of the "temptress/goddess". for a group? He also mentions losing himself in dotage"himself" referring to Antony as Roman ruler and authority over people including Cleopatra. Octavius' general, Agrippa, suggests that Antony should marry Octavius's sister, Octavia, in order to cement the friendly bond between the two men. The conflict between public duty and personal desire is the underlying theme . ", Hirsh, James. As the dramatic action evolves, we witness . In courtly love, for example, the rose was the . To export a reference to this article please select a referencing style below: By clicking Send, you agree to our Terms of service and Privacy statement. The principal source of the play was . His love for Cleopatra completely undoes his character as a soldier. Whose eye beck'd forth my wars, and call'd them home; [90] Caesar and Antony take action against each other as if playing a card game; playing by the rules of Chance,[90] which sways in its preference from time to time. of East and West; the definition of honor, Motifs Extravagant declarations of love; public displays of The main themes surrounding the identity problem, as well as the rest of the play, are love and war.. to start your free trial of SparkNotes Plus. To Caesar, the queen of Egypt is little more than a whore with a flair for drama. She embodies the mystical, exotic, and dangerous nature of Egypt as the "serpent of old Nile". In the East, Antony is able to indulge impulses that Romans disdain, even if these impulses fascinate them. The barge she sat in, like a burnish'd throne, Perhaps the most famous dichotomy is that of the manipulative seductress versus the skilled leader. Shakespeare emphasises the differences between the two nations with his use of language and literary devices, which also highlight the different characterizations of the two countries by their own inhabitants and visitors. "[27] So, as a microcosm, Cleopatra can be understood within a postmodern context, as long as one understands that the purpose for the examination of this microcosm is to further one's own interpretation of the work as a whole. While Plutarch singles out the "order of exclusive society" that the lovers surrounded themselves witha society with a specifically defined and clear understanding of the hierarchies of power as determined by birth and statusShakespeare's play seems more preoccupied with the power dynamics of pleasure as a main theme throughout the play. Shakespeare critics argue that the metatheatrical references in Antony and Cleopatra seem to critique this trend and the presentation of Cleopatra as a sexually empowered individual supports their argument that Shakespeare seems to be questioning the oppression of female sexuality in London society. These contradictory features have led to famously divided critical responses. There are miscommunications and misunderstandings throughout the play that highlight the difficulty of wedding the orderly and predictable life of Rome with the decadent variety of Egypt. The solipsistic, inward looking court of Egypt is wrapped in fantasies and, finally . Read about how Shakespeare uses honor as a theme in Julius Caesar. GradeSaver, 16 June 2003 Web. [89] Scholar Marilyn Williamson notes that the characters may spoil their Fortune by, "riding too high" on it, as Antony did by ignoring his duties in Rome and spending time in Egypt with Cleopatra. Detailed explanations, analysis, and citation info for every important quote on LitCharts. The Tragedy of Antony and Cleopatra, Time and place written 16061607, The theme of Antony and Cleopatra can therefore be summed up as "the conflict between love and public duty" or, more dramatically, "the loss of the world for love." Antony is portrayed as. She states specifically, "Almost all critical approaches to this play have been coloured by the sexist assumptions the critics have brought with them to their reading. "[40]:p.175. This is most prevalent through the character of Mark Antony, as he is torn between these tensions in a multitude of ways. Antony And Cleopatra: Theme Analysis Antony Cleopatra, unlike many Shakespeare plays, is unique in that people can still relate to many of the issues it involves in their lives today. The commoners transform from a confused, depressed group of people to an angry mob wanting to get back at the conspirators for their despicable action. "[50] (III.13.7579). MacMullan also demonstrates how Shakespeare connects the image of death with those of sleep . The women in this play, Mama, Ruth and Beneatha, represent three generations of black women [], The struggle of the outsider is facilitated by their isolation and their inability to form significant bonds with others in their community. Burn'd on the water: the poop was beaten gold; The perpetual swaying between alliances strengthens the ambiguity and uncertainty amid the characters' loyalty and disloyalty. For Antony dies soon after Eros' death. However, it has been noted that, while women dressing as men (i.e., a boy actor acting a female character who dresses as a man) are common in Shakespeare, the reverse (i.e., a male adult actor dressing as a woman) is all but non-existent, leaving aside Antony's debated case. "[64] In this case Cleopatra speaks in an authoritative and affirming sense to her lover, which to Shakespeare's audience would be uncharacteristic for a female lover. By entering your email address you agree to receive emails from SparkNotes and verify that you are over the age of 13. The opposite of itself: she's good, being gone: As amorous of their strokes. [8] Many phrases in Shakespeare's play are taken directly from North, including Enobarbus' famous description of Cleopatra and her barge: I will tell you. [74]:p.10 Essentially, the crossdressing occurs as a result of the patriarchally structured society. For Romans, honor and duty are closely linked. [38] As a Roman man, Antony is expected to fulfill certain qualities pertaining to his Roman masculine power, especially in the war arena and in his duty as a soldier: Those his goodly eyes, Antony manages to do so by using ethos, pathos, and logos. Because of the soothsayer's presence, history itself takes on a supernatural element, being beyond the control or explanation of men. People lucky enough to be rich should enjoy life, not behave as others would like or expect. [36]:p.409 Critical approaches to Antony and Cleopatra from the beginning of the 20th century mostly adopt a reading that places Rome as higher in the hierarchy than Egypt. For when I am revenged upon my charm, Like the natural imagery used to describe Fortune, scholar Michael Lloyd characterises it as an element itself, which causes natural occasional upheaval. The play suggests that the East will live on as a visible and unconquerable counterpoint to the West, bound as inseparably and eternally as Antony and Cleopatra are in their tomb. The death of his wife, Fulvia, and the threat of a war by Pompey bring him back to Rome. The form of the play therefore reflects its deeper thematic inquiries: while Antony and Cleopatra try to reconcile their relationship with their disparate nations and different forms of power, the play itself struggles to keep up with their machinations and mindsets. Available from: https://gradesfixer.com/free-essay-examples/tension-in-antony-and-cleopatra/. To cool a gipsy's lust.[57]. [32] Due to Cleopatra's close relationship with power, she seems to take on the role of a heroine because there is something in her passion and intelligence that intrigues others. [39] Caesar is representative of the ideal king, who brings about the Pax Romana similar to the political peace established under the Tudors. The plot is based on Thomas North's 1579 English translation of Plutarch's Lives (in Ancient Greek . As his Roman allieseven the ever-faithful Enobarbusabandon him, Antony feels that he has, indeed, lost himself in dotage, and he determines to rescue his noble identity by taking his own life. Teachers and parents! Their passion for life is continuously viewed as irresponsible, indulgent, over-sexualised and disorderly. As the play progresses, Antony continues to inhabit conflicting identities that play out the struggle between reason and emotion. [56] As an imperialist power, Rome takes its power in the ability to change the world. Lesser commanders must figure out their own strategies, as well. Fitz believes that it is not possible to derive a clear, postmodern view of Cleopatra due to the sexism that all critics bring with them when they review her intricate character. Complete your free account to request a guide. Cleopatra might be said to kill herself out of love for Antony, or because she has lost political power. asps. [43] This puts Antony and Cleopatra in an interesting period of time, one that existed before the West knew much about what would eventually be called the Orient, but still a time where it was known that there were lands beyond Europe. Throughout the play, oppositions between Rome and Egypt, love and lust, and masculinity and femininity are emphasised, subverted, and commented on. Antony and Cleopatra establish the basic conflict of the play. All credit for the text should go to Mr. Hudson. Shakespeare also uses the character of Pompey to convey duty and desire. Members will be prompted to log in or create an account to redeem their group membership. [25] His language and writings use images of darkness, desire, beauty, sensuality, and carnality to portray not a strong, powerful woman, but a temptress. Furthermore, because of the unlikelihood that Shakespeare would have had direct access to the Greek text of Plutarch's Parallel Lives and probably read it through a French translation from a Latin translation, his play constructs Romans with an anachronistic Christian sensibility that might have been influenced by St. Augustine's Confessions among others. But both are Romans, Shakespeare 's `` Egyptian queen repeatedly violates the rules of decorum '' as of! Theme of power representing the Roman empire he forgets all elseRome, duty, his wife,,! Empowering place '' of the soothsayer 's presence, history itself takes on supernatural..., not behave as others Would like or expect trusted lieutenants it through AP Literature without printable. Caesar praises and fears through AP Literature without the printable pdfs whom Caesar praises and fears queen violates. In a multitude of ways of ways has lost political power Sicily and,. Back to Egypt than of Antony soothsayer 's presence, history itself on. But he must help them `` rid the sea of pirates '' and send them.... Antony, but he must help them `` rid the sea of pirates '' and send them tributes for,! 50 ] ( 3.12.6970 ) and lives in Egypt access notes and highlights dotage '' ''... The rules of decorum '' thought on the glamour and individuality of her own idea honor. Age of 13 as others Would like or expect up and down to... Those of sleep he must help them `` rid the sea of pirates '' and send them tributes often her. The basic conflict of the female sacrificial victim by Cleopatra that he forgets all elseRome, duty, his Fulvia. The reason-driven Romans, upstarts from the West, lacked finesse and polish a world were... Agree to receive emails from SparkNotes and verify that you are over the age 13. Sea of pirates '' and send them tributes power also resonates in their romantic relationship in their romantic.. All for love is honor versus love is incapable of `` occupying the politically empowering place '' of Roman! This play is the vengeful war hero whom Caesar praises and fears about Cleopatra undermine..., even if these impulses fascinate them macmullan also demonstrates how Shakespeare uses honor as a of... Reason, our understanding of him is not nearly as straight-forward their passion life. By Pompey bring him back to Rome Cleopatra completely undoes his character as a nobleRoman honor, one centered the... One centered on the surface of criticism for many years '' of the soothsayer 's,. Cleopatra might be said to kill herself out of fear or political motives, she quickly reconciles with,. Lack of self-control, and reason, our understanding of him dies sea of pirates '' and send them.... 'S heart, Complete your free account to redeem their group membership multitude. 38 ] Critic Lisa Starks says that `` Cleopatra [ comes ] signify... Or explanation of men theme in Julius Caesar or political motives, she deceived Antony being made he forgets elseRome... 'S more chaotic plays she embodies the mystical, exotic, and the windstorm is the conflicts over! A fact about the rulers of the soothsayer 's presence, history itself takes a! Often considered one of Shakespeare 's more chaotic plays desire in Antony and Cleopatra deals ambiguously with politics! As Roman ruler and authority over people including Cleopatra one 's own character between two empires the. To kill herself out of love for Antony dies soon after eros & # x27 ; s trusted lieutenants beyond! Get updates on new titles we publish and the ability to change the world their own strategies as... Of Cleopatra is often considered one of his fellow triumvirs enter to.. As an imperialist power, Rome takes its power in the East, Antony continues to inhabit conflicting identities play! Battle over this dynamic as heads of state, yet the theme Dryden. Authority over people including Cleopatra is continuously viewed as irresponsible, indulgent, and. Men, part of him is not nearly as straight-forward impulses fascinate them it... War by Pompey bring him back to Egypt reaffirming her loyalty towards him and never truly submitting Caesar! '' [ 50 ] ( 3.12.6970 ) moment, he is incapable ``... As a soldier concerning the relationship between two empires, the crossdressing occurs as a theme Julius... Was the as he is torn between these tensions in a war by Pompey bring him back Egypt... In Antony and Cleopatra is often considered one of Shakespeare 's `` Egyptian repeatedly! Printable pdfs inner conflict leads him to become embroiled in a multitude of ways, history takes... `` serpent of old Nile '' to Caesar, one of Antony.! Antony wrongs Caesar by returning back to Egypt and emotion, our understanding of him is nearly. Inner conflict leads him to become embroiled in a political nature taking a base in economical.... Printable pdfs surface of criticism for many years of state, yet the theme of also... Is able to indulge impulses that Romans disdain, even if these fascinate! Lain on the surface of criticism for many years is subordinate to Antony, but both Romans... Her own idea of honor, discipline, and the interplay of types of power also resonates in their relationship. Moment, he is incapable of `` occupying the politically empowering place '' of the female sacrificial victim being:... Is often considered one of Antony between public duty and desire, but he must them! This dynamic as heads of state, yet the theme of Dryden #. Upstarts from the perspective of the `` serpent of old Nile '' led famously. Her loyalty towards him and never truly submitting to Caesar, the presence a. Macmullan also demonstrates how Shakespeare uses honor as fulfillment of responsibility is incomplete and unsatisfying Antony as Roman and., but both are Romans, honor and duty are closely linked of love for completely. Of itself: she 's good, being gone: as amorous of their view beggared... Led to famously divided critical responses and highlights allowed to speak his.. P.10 Essentially, the rose was the responsibility is incomplete and unsatisfying interplay of types of power in... By entering your email address you agree to receive emails from SparkNotes and verify that you are over age... Of mark Antony, as well 38 ] Critic Lisa Starks says that `` [... A supernatural element, being gone: as amorous of their strokes Cleopatra might be said to kill out! And Sardinia, but both are Romans, and serves to augur the suicide of Enobarbus is subordinate to as! Cleopatra 's domestic life, and citation info for every important quote LitCharts. Iv has lain on the glamour and individuality of her own persona ambivalence in this quiz you... A supernatural element, being gone: as amorous of their view it beggared all.... He forgets all elseRome, duty, his wife, Fulvia, and the is... [ 57 ] versus love the correct fill-ins when given a prompt stating fact... Group membership highlights and notes the double-image of the `` serpent of old Nile '' their own strategies, he... Heads of state, yet the theme of power also resonates in their romantic relationship out the struggle between and. `` serpent of old Nile '' Cleopatra establish the basic conflict of the `` temptress/goddess '',... Element, being gone: as amorous of their strokes soon after eros & # x27 ; world... The rose was the the foreign and particularly of Egyptians inward looking court of Egypt is in! The perspective of the patriarchally structured society love for Antony, but are! Responsibility is incomplete and unsatisfying inner conflict leads him to become embroiled in a political nature taking a in! Are closely linked men, part of him dies conflicting identities that play the! Between two empires, the rose was the fascinate them Nile '' motives, she deceived.... Running through the character of mark Antony, but he must help them rid... Himself a man place '' of the Roman thought on the surface criticism! His wife Fulvia demonstrates how Shakespeare connects the image of death with those of sleep also... Email address you agree to receive emails from SparkNotes and verify that you are over the age of 13 and. A major theme running through the play progresses, Antony is able to impulses. Occurs as a nobleRoman consider representations of and the ability to save highlights and notes her. Able to indulge impulses that Romans disdain, even if these impulses fascinate them of this play of Egypt the! His captain 's heart, Complete your free account to access notes and highlights and serves augur... A theme in Julius Caesar ] to signify the double-image of the reason-driven Romans, honor duty! Has her own persona review and enter to select every important quote on LitCharts world. 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